Read and understand the following terms and concepts in Social Studies/Social Science:
Serendipity pattern - unanticipated findings that
cannot be interpreted meaningfully in terms of prevailing theories and that
give rise to new theories.
Concept - the building
blocks of scientific theory that describe the phenomena of interest. Abstractions
communicated by words or other signs that refer to common properties among
phenomena (e.g., the concept "extroversion" represents a broad range
of specific behaviors); concepts developed for scientific purposes are
sometimes called "constructs."
Law - a proposition that has been repeatedly verified
scientifically and is widely accepted.
Hypothesis - an
expected but unconfirmed relationship among two or more variables.
Theory - a
logically interconnected set of propositions that show how or why a
relationship occurs. Scientific inquiry consists of a constant interplay
between theory and research.
Debriefing - an
essential procedure in studies involving deception that serves methodological
and educational purposes. A session at the end of an experiment in which the
experimenter discusses with the subject what has taken place, the real purpose
of the study, the need for confidentiality, the subject's responses and
feelings, and so on.
Cultural relativity
- this principle alerts social scientists to consider the impact of social
values on the research process. The principle that the cultural standards of a
given society must be examined on their own terms and that researchers should be nonjudgmental regarding
the society or group that is being studied.
Correlation
coefficient - a measure of association, symbolized as r (Pearson's), that
describes the direction and strength of a linear relationship between two
variables measured at the interval or ratio level; the square of Pearson 's r
represents the proportion of variance in one variable that may be predicted
from the other using linear regression: Measures the strength and the direction
of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables.
Statistical
significance - a statistical procedure used to assess the likelihood that
the results of an experiment or other study could have occurred by chance.
Tests of Statistical significance indicate whether an
association between variables is likely to have occurred by chance.
Spurious relationship
- a statistical association between two variables produced by extraneous
variables rather than by a causal link between the original variables. It is created
when an antecedent variable is a common cause of two variables that are
statistically associated.
Backward Design
1.) Desired
results (big idea, enduring understandings, essential questions)
2.)
Assessment evidence (how will students demonstrate what they have learned or
can do)
3.) Learning
activities (what opportunities will the student have to learn)
The most important implication of Gardner's intelligences
suggests that teachers should consider using
a wide variety of teaching methods.
The direct teaching model is most closely related to lecturing.
What are the seven
social sciences from which "social studies" is derived?
History
Geography
Civics and Government
Economics
Sociology
Psychology
Anthropology
What are the two broad
goals of social studies education?
To develop social understanding and civil
efficacy.
Effective social studies education promotes
what specific attitudes?
Committed to the public value of society
Willingness and ability to deal justly and
effectively with value conflicts
Reasoned loyalty to this nation and its
form of government
A feeling of kinship with the "human
race"
Responsibility for one's actions
What is meant by a
compare and contrast approach to social studies content?
To the degree
possible students compare their own social situation to others both long ago
and far away in an attempt to broaden their perspective, deepen their
understanding, and encourage their critical thinking skills.
Absorbing History
= studying what others have done and said:
Discussing a
meaning of a primary source document
Listening to
historical narratives (stories about the past including formal historians and
informal interviews with grandparents)
Role-play
Children's
literature (know the criteria for good literature choices: does it tell a good
story, is it accurate, whose voices [perspective] is missing?)
Examining
artifacts (objects from the past)
Song and
dance
Doing History
(working as a social scientist)
Oral
histories (interviews and conversations with people who lived during the time
under study)
Paintings
Models
Snapshot
biographies
Classroom
museum exhibit
Simulations
(recreations and reenactments)
What are the six themes of geography? (MR HELP)
Movement
Region
Human-environment interaction
Location
Place
Uses of Geography
