Sunday, September 16, 2018

LET REVIEWER: PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION-Educational Psychology


LET REVIEWER: PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Educational Psychology Practice Test #1

1. Which of the following is characteristic of a positive correlation?
A. amount of food consumed and your weight
B. amount of partying you do and your GPA
C. amount of clothes worn and the temperature of the air
D. amount of exercise you do and the size of your clothes


2. Expert teachers are very concerned about
A. being reflective problem solvers
B. the specific techniques teachers apply
C. maintaining classroom discipline
D. adhering to lesson plans


3. The Carnegie Foundation (1987) reported that teachers felt most involved in making
decisions about

A. choosing textbooks
B. shaping the curriculum
C. setting standards for student behavior
D. designing staff development programs


4. Research suggests that reasons for lack of teacher participation in school wide
decisions stem from
A. teachers have little time or energy for these kinds of activities outside of the
classroom
B. teachers not wanting to step on administrator's toes
C. the fact that restructuring adds responsibilities to teachers for which they are
not compensated
D. all of the above


5. Educational Psychology is distinct from other branches of psychology because
A. its findings are based upon research
B. expert teachers are the researchers versus psychologists
C. understanding and improving education is its primary goal
D. most educational principles have their foundation in common sense notions
regarding teaching


6. The change that occurs in human beings between conception and death is referred to as:

A. maturation
B. development
C. growth
D. cognitive development

7. Which of the following is FALSE regarding a general principle of development ?

A. Development occurs at different rates.
B. Development is rapid and dramatic.
C. Development takes place in an orderly sequence.
D. Development takes place gradually.


8. According to Piaget's view, the child's ______________ influences his or her
cognitive development as the child tests, explores and observes the environment.

A. maturation.
B. activity and social transmission
C. equilibration
D. all of the above


9. As a biologist, Piaget looked for patterns in the human species, and concluded that
humans inherit the invariant functions of:

A. lateralization and plasticity
B. maturation and activity
C. organization and adaptation
D. equilibrium and disequilibrum


10. If you are puzzled about a situation and don't understand why present attempts to solve the problem aren't working, Piaget would say you are in a state of:
A. adaptation
B. accommodation
C. equilibration
D. disequilibrium


11. The ability to use language and think symbolically, is a characteristic of _________
and is referred to as _______________.

A. sensorimotor development; goal directed action
B. preoperational development; the semiotic function
C. preoperational development; collective monologue
D. concrete operational development; classification


12. The approach called cognitive self-instruction is consistent with Vygotsky's view of:

A. sociocultural theory
B. scaffolding
C. the Zone of Proximal Development
D. private speech


13. You have taught a new math skill to your class, and find that some students have
caught on quickly, while others are still having difficulty applying the skill. Based on
Vygotsky's principles of assisted learning / zone of proximal development, you should

A. give all students more practice problems
B. pair students for more practice, pairing students who have mastered the skill
with those who have not.
C. give all students for more instruction in the performance of math skill.
D. go on to the next skill and put students in cooperative learning groups.


14. Normal language development patterns would anticipate that most children have
mastered the basics of pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary in their native language by ages ______.

A. 3-4
B. 4-5
C. 5-6
D. 6-7


15. In order to learn and understand rules of grammar and syntax (word order), children need to have developed:

A. a large vocabulary
B. a cultural tool kit
C. literacy
D. metalinguistic awareness


16. Nerve cells that store and transfer information by releasing chemicals that jump across the synapses from one fiber to another fiber are called

A. synapses
B. neurons
C. myelin
D. reticular formation.


17. An environmental factor that is crucial to proper brain development is
A. a diet rich in calcium
B. the introduction of music to the fetus in utero.
C. an adequate amount of stimulation
D. the mother's limited intake of drugs including alcohol and caffeine

18. According to Erickson's psychosocial theory of development

A. conflict resolution in the early years sets the stage for accomplishments in later
stages
B. emotional changes follow different patterns in each society
C. human intellectual development in contingent upon successful conflict
resolution
D. each stage is independent of all other stages


19. Upon graduating from high school Alberto plans to backpack across Europe. He wants to take some time to decide whether to go onto college or to work the family farm with his father. According to James Marcia this is called

A. identity foreclosure
B. identity achievement
C. identity diffusion
D. moratorium


20. According to research by Archer and Waterman (1990) identity diffused individuals
A. trust their lives to fate
B. are more likely to abuse drugs
C. tend to go along with the crowd
D. all of the above


21. The structure of adolescent self-concept

A. results primarily from physical appearance
B. is strongly related to parental SES
C. is divided into English, mathematical, and non-academic self-concept
D. is much higher than during the elementary school years


22. With respect to perceptions of their own abilities

A. elementary boys see themselves as more capable than girls
B. elementary boys and girls have comparable perceptions
C. African-American males are more confident than African-American females
D. continuing through high school, girls gradually increase their perceptions of
their abilities relative to boys


23. Collective self-esteem is best defined as

A. self-esteem derived from acceptance by one's peer group
B. a false sense of self-esteem gained by membership with a deviant culture i.e.,
gang or drug culture
C. the sense of the value of the group such as an ethnic group to which you
belong
D. a composite self-esteem which is the sum total of all of one's perceived
abilities


24. According to Piaget, moral realism is the

A. realistic perspective and understanding that others have different feelings and
experiences
B. stage of development wherein children see rules as absolute
C. stage of development wherein children realize that people make rules and
people can change them
D. thinking process involved in judgments about questions of right and wrong


25. With respect to cheating, research supports the notion that

A. students will cheat if parental pressure for grades is high
B. students who cheat are more likely to lie and steal
C. college-age females are more likely to lie and steal
D. students in the arts and humanities are more likely to cheat than science and
engineering students


26. Ten percent of children in Europe and the US can be classified as chronic victims.
Which of the following statements describe these students?

A. These victims generally blame outside circumstances for their situation.
B. Chronic victims are more likely to commit suicide as young adults.
C. They believe that if they can improve their character flaws, they will be able to
gradually improve their situations.
D. When attacked, chronic victims generally defend themselves with highly
emotional hot-tempered out bursts.


27. Which of the following is an effect of divorce within the US?

A. the number of father headed-households is on the decline
B. the custodial parent may have to move to a less expensive home
C. 75% of female single-parent families live in poverty
D. the first two months after divorce is the most difficult adjustment period for
children


28. The amount of teenage girls who become pregnant every year in the US. is estimated to be more than

A. 100,000
B. 200,000
C. 500,000
D. 1,000,000 ???


29. According to the National Center for Education Statistics. What percentage of high
school seniors report some experience with alcohol ?

A. 23%
B. 54%
C. 75%
D. 92%


30. Jennifer wants to help out by washing the dishes and surprise her mom. When she breaks her mother's glass baking dish her mother yells at her. According to Erickson this may result in
A. inferiority
B. shame and doubt
C. guilt
D. mistrust
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The above practice test is copied from;

Answers:

1.) A

2.) A

3.) A

4.) D

5.) C

6.) B

7.) B

8.) D

9.) C

10.) D

11.) B

12.) D

13.) B

14.) C

15.) D

16.) B

17.) C

18.) A

19.) D

20.) D

21.) C

22.) B

23.) C

24.) B

25.) A

26.) B

27.) B

28.) D

29.) D

30.) A

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